For more than forty years, developed countries economies went through a kind of permanent crisis, with some rare periods of remission, the last one having just finished with the brutal bumps which have affected financial markets at the beginning of February. Nothing more was needed by financial institutions and economists which have been silent just before the subprime crisis, to send alarmist messages. Worries had been generated by an interpretation, which will be proved wrong, of the intentions of a central bank after the publication of an economic indicator. That case shows the new position these institutions have taken. Their ...

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Lavish meetings in a chic winter station or in the Gallery of Battles in the Versailles palace are they the best way to reconcile people with globalization? It is not sure and it would useful because the phenomenon is as irreversible as industrialization was in the 19th century. The world is currently living with a stunning paradox. The trial of globalization is generalizing at a time when, regarding economic situation, optimism prevails and growth has rebounded and is even accelerating, if we follow the conclusions of the International Monetary Fund. If this transformation of the world was as harmful as ...

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At a moment when the Goncourt Prize in France is awarded to a narrative about the annexation of Austria by the German Nazi regime and when October Revolution is commemorated, instead of being celebrated, history is omnipresent. It has invaded political debate in France, where are castigated policies conducted “for thirty years”. At the beginning, it was the left which was targeted because that period coincided with François Mitterrand election in 1981. But, years after years, this starting point has moved and this indictment has lost some of its political content. The main flaw of the Eighties is that ...

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