Last week, the central Banks of the United States, the United Kingdom and the euro zone had each one a meeting in a context affected by the uncertainties about the evolution of the covid-19 pandemic, about the durability of the economic rebound in the concerned countries and about the character of the inflation which affects them in order to define and to make public the guidelines of their monetary policy for the year to come. Through the definition of a guideline, these institutions which have become essential actors of the economic policy intend to avoid the disorders which could occur ...

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Germany has just constituted its new government at a time when France, which inherits the European Union presidency, is going to enter into its electoral campaign. During that, the sanitary crisis doesn’t know any rest but the economy is giving rebound signs much more significant, notably in France, than it was expected and dreaded a year ago. There are, without any doubts, the supporting measures decided to cope with the consequences of the pandemic which have been adopted at the European level and in every country, which are at the origin of these results. The coordination of the decisions ...

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In France, for the first time this year, if we except a short period during Summer, the 10 years State Bond went back on December 3^rd into negative territory : -0.03%. So, against the forecasts stated many times by the economists and despite the spectacular increase of the public indebtedness since the beginning of the sanitary crisis, France financing conditions remain extremely favorable. But it is not an exception in Europe. Germany keeps its 30 to 40 basis points spread with Paris and has issued these last days 10 years bonds carrying a -0.39% rate. In the Unites ...

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