During a century, the access to oil has constituted a major strategic stake and has been at the center of geopolitical tensions leading even sometimes to wars. At the end of the Ottoman Empire, England and the United States, to which France lately joined, have redrafted the Middle East map according to the localization of the oilfields. The Pearl Harbor attack has been initiated by Japan threat to be deprived of its oil supply by the U.S. If the German army went to Stalingrad to fight, it was with the purpose to have access to Caspian Sea and its ...

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Never-ending discussions between thousands of delegates of near two hundreds States and international organizations, a compromise text whose interpretation is confusing and vague commitments, so is the result of the COP 26. Yet, everything is not negative. This conference has shown a turnaround in the world public opinion and the skepticism about climate warming, about its causes and its consequences, has strongly retreated. No more major country, as during the Trump mandate, today dares to dispute the importance of the phenomenon and its challenges. But the track is long between the expressed intentions exposed by everyone, the conclusion of an ...

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The absence of the Chinese president Xi Jinping at the two major international meetings in Roma (G20) and Glasgow (COP 26) has triggered a wave of comments about the “isolation” and the “withdraw into itself” of the second biggest economy of the planet, whose growth model had been until now based on an active contribution to the globalization expansion. In 2020, its exports reached 18% of the world exports. The explanation given by Beijing, the sanitary context and the very strict measures adopted in the country to slow the development of the pandemic, have not convinced.

In the same time ...

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