In a few days, the French government is going to announce the great lines of its project regarding the retirement system reform. It is a continuous point in the State concerns. Three years ago, a full reform trying to create a universal pension plan with points had been proposed and then abandoned in front of the concerned populations hostility. This reform has also as an objective to show, especially to its European partners, its willingness to control public expenditures at a time when, due to the several crisis France has known, the public deficit is very superior to the 3 ...

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The rapid rise of oil and natural gas prices following the sanctions against Russia after the Ukraine invasion has started in Europe an unprecedented inflationist wave for 40 years and the second oil crisis. The limits of renewables have been noted because their intermittent character makes the availability of power production capacities always indispensable. In France, the delays in the putting into production of the Flamanville EPR and of the achievements of the maintenance operations after the Covid-19 pandemic along with the outbreak of corrosion phenomenon have provoked a 30% fall of the nuclear power production and have compelled the ...

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Is the succession of crisis which are affecting the world going to generate an irreversible economic and social mutation and to transform the development model of the countries? The Covid-19 pandemic, the war in Ukraine and the geopolitical tensions it has involved to which must be added the taking into consideration of the climate risk which is generalizing cannot remain without lasting consequences, even if one day, sooner or later, the effects of that pandemic will be completely controlled and the peace will have  been restored in Ukraine. Growth during the 20^th century has, before everything, been provided by ...

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