The figures for energy consumption and production for the year 2025 and the Multi-Year Energy Program of France (PPE) for the period 2025-2035 have just been published simultaneously. Over one year, the production of the nuclear fleet remained stable at around 360 TWh but electricity and natural gas consumption fell by 4.5 and 5.9% respectively. The energy deficit has been reduced to €50 billion, thanks in particular to electricity exports, which reached a record level of 95 TWh, thus contributing €5.5 billion to the trade balance.

The PPE, published two years late, is presented in a decree ...

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The last two motions of censure having been rejected in the National Assembly like the four previous ones, the Prime Minister is strengthened and France, for the first time since the dissolution of 2024, has a government with a certain stability and a budget that allows the State to function. On the economic front, INSEE has published the first estimate of GDP growth for 2025. With 0.9%, it is certainly far from having returned to the past rhythms but given the international context and the political instability in the country, this result is reassuring. However, it is insufficient to ...

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This concept was born in the United States and is starting to appear in Europe thanks to several articles in the Financial Times. What is it about? A new economic model where, structurally, its components would evolve in a divergent way. In the letter K, one branch is facing upwards and the other facing downwards. In the K-economy, part of the population sees its income and wealth increase while those of the rest of the population decrease continuously, hence a structural increase in inequality.

In the United States, in recent years, it has become much more difficult for a large ...

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