We believed we had finished, at least in developed countries, with inflation which had been a major factor of disequilibrium, until the Nineties. To cope with it, monetary policies had been extended to an extreme, as in the United States in 1979. That had been, when the euro and the European Central Bank were created, the major concern of the founding countries like Germany which was still reminding the disasters of the Twenties, which were not without link with the Nazism ascension. It is why, in the ECB mandate, the first priority was to act to keep inflation in the ...

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The very strong passed and announced price increases of the fossil energies and of power remind us a time we thought it was bygone, with the oil prices shocks of the Seventies. The Middle-East and African countries oil producers did gather in 1960 to create OPEC in order to counterbalance oil majors full power. In 1973 the organization decided to limit its production and ordered an embargo against the United States and the Low Countries as the consequence of the Kippur war. The barrel price jumped from 3 to 12 dollars. A new disequilibrium occurred on the market four years ...

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The Richard Branson short trip into space aboard his launching-airplane whose realization he had financed  as the coming stay in space of Jeff Bezos, also aboard a capsule whose he looked after the conception show how to which point innovation can create surprises. Who could have forecasted, during the Fifties, that the space competition between the United States and the Soviet Union could one day lead to leisure activities? Ray Bradbury, in his Martian Chronicles published at that time was rather imagining an invasion of Mars, at the beginning of the 21th century by the Earth inhabitants, impatient to extend ...

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