Climate warming is, for the first time, one of the major issues in the French presidential elections. Each candidate pledges his credibility on the answers he proposes but these ones are frequently hazy and even sometimes in contradiction with the other proposals inscribed in their programs. To announce ambitious objectives about the reduction of greenhouse emissions is not enough. The achievement of these objectives must be credible and square with the challenges with which the world is confronted. To bring convincing answers, it is necessary to take into account three realities.

First, climate warming is a global phenomenon. It is ...

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In November the French trade deficit reached 9.7 billion euro. During the last three months, it amounts at 24.5 billion. Such levels were never reached in the past. On an annual basis, the deficit had fluctuated from 2012 to 2020 between 43.5 and 69 billion. In 2021, it would go beyond 80 billion. These figures are all the more worrying that the recovering of balanced trade exchanges trade balance and the rebound of enterprises competitiveness were, for ten years, among the main priorities of the successive governments. So adopted policies have failed and no lesson seems to ...

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The end of the year and the coming of the presidential election constitute the right time to analyze the achievements of the French economy. How did it overcome the difficulties caused by the sanitary crisis? Did it accomplish the progresses to remedy to the weaknesses noted in the past?  For the political forces, if they are in charge of the power or if they belong to opposition, everything is white or everything is black. The reality is different. In some areas, success is difficult to contest, in others it is more than doubtful and they are some where the failure ...

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