President Xi Jinping arrives in France Sunday. He is achieving a trip in Europe at a tense time due to Brexit uncertainties and to the trade negotiations with the U.S. It is his second visit, after the lavish reception given by François Hollande in 2014 at Versailles palace. His predecessor, President Hu Jintao came in 2004 and 2009. Each time reference is made to 1964, when France officially recognized of China. But that historical decision was harmed by the gaffe made by the French ambassador when he mentioned in that circumstance “France comes back into Asia”. Beijing didn ...

Continue reading

Energy is at the center of the economic activities of a country. An excessive cost harms production and a shortage causes the stoppage of equipments along with the unemployment of the affected employees. It has an essential role in inhabitant daily life through its cost which weights on purchasing power and through its availability which protects against cold weather and allows public services which have a vital character to function. It is why energy independence and supply safety constitute in most of the countries an objective and have lead France, which has no fossil fuels resources, to launch a massive ...

Continue reading

The world has more changed during the last 25 years than during the half-century which preceded it. An extraordinary innovations wave whose success nobody forecast occurred from information circulation through domestic tools belonging to the daily life until shale oil and gas discoveries which postponed by several centuries worries about possible shortages. There was also the upheaval of the geopolitical context with the end of the Cold War symbolized by the fall of the Berlin Wall, the strengthening of the European project and the Chinese economy take-off. The States did not have any other choices, to cope with these challenges ...

Continue reading