Climate warming is, for the first time, one of the major issues in the French presidential elections. Each candidate pledges his credibility on the answers he proposes but these ones are frequently hazy and even sometimes in contradiction with the other proposals inscribed in their programs. To announce ambitious objectives about the reduction of greenhouse emissions is not enough. The achievement of these objectives must be credible and square with the challenges with which the world is confronted. To bring convincing answers, it is necessary to take into account three realities.

First, climate warming is a global phenomenon. It is ...

Continue reading

The controversy about the presence of the European flag above the Unknown Soldier tomb under the Triumph Arch is revealing of the limits of the French people adhesion to Europe. What has hurt was the disappearance of the French flag in an emblematic place of their history. Europe, yes, but definitely not if that makes France disappearing. These good sense considerations have been forgotten by these who have taken that decision. That has lead to the opposite effect from the sought-after objective and has provoked an opinion rejection instead of a celebration of the moment when the country was taking ...

Continue reading

During a century, the access to oil has constituted a major strategic stake and has been at the center of geopolitical tensions leading even sometimes to wars. At the end of the Ottoman Empire, England and the United States, to which France lately joined, have redrafted the Middle East map according to the localization of the oilfields. The Pearl Harbor attack has been initiated by Japan threat to be deprived of its oil supply by the U.S. If the German army went to Stalingrad to fight, it was with the purpose to have access to Caspian Sea and its ...

Continue reading