The controversy about the presence of the European flag above the Unknown Soldier tomb under the Triumph Arch is revealing of the limits of the French people adhesion to Europe. What has hurt was the disappearance of the French flag in an emblematic place of their history. Europe, yes, but definitely not if that makes France disappearing. These good sense considerations have been forgotten by these who have taken that decision. That has lead to the opposite effect from the sought-after objective and has provoked an opinion rejection instead of a celebration of the moment when the country was taking ...

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During a century, the access to oil has constituted a major strategic stake and has been at the center of geopolitical tensions leading even sometimes to wars. At the end of the Ottoman Empire, England and the United States, to which France lately joined, have redrafted the Middle East map according to the localization of the oilfields. The Pearl Harbor attack has been initiated by Japan threat to be deprived of its oil supply by the U.S. If the German army went to Stalingrad to fight, it was with the purpose to have access to Caspian Sea and its ...

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Never-ending discussions between thousands of delegates of near two hundreds States and international organizations, a compromise text whose interpretation is confusing and vague commitments, so is the result of the COP 26. Yet, everything is not negative. This conference has shown a turnaround in the world public opinion and the skepticism about climate warming, about its causes and its consequences, has strongly retreated. No more major country, as during the Trump mandate, today dares to dispute the importance of the phenomenon and its challenges. But the track is long between the expressed intentions exposed by everyone, the conclusion of an ...

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